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Essay on rural life of India in English
Preface :
Our India is a country of villages. There are more than six lakh villages in India and more than 70% of the total population of our country lives in villages. Someone has rightly said that villages have been created by God himself whereas cities and metros are the gift of humans.
Advanced form of Indian villages:
In ancient times, people living in villages in India were proud of their agricultural work. In those days the villagers were happy with village life because they had not seen the glamor of the cities. The fertile land of the villages here produced gold in the form of grains. The villagers also worked hard and that is why the economic condition of the villages was strong.
Backward form of Indian villages:
The British never paid attention to the progress of the villages during their rule. They remained busy in establishing big cities, so that they could establish their complete authority there. The ravages of nature always continued to attack the lives of farmers. Sometimes they were hit by drought and sometimes by floods. Sometimes they were tortured by moneylenders, sometimes by landlords and sometimes by businessmen.
Current situation of Indian villagers:
Due to the exploitation by the British, rural life has not flourished even after independence. The villagers live a very simple life. They live in kutcha houses made of mud. They live a simple life and eat simple food. Women also work in the fields.
Even today there is a lack of education in the villages and even today they have not been able to get rid of the evil practices like casteism, caste discrimination, child marriage etc. The biggest reason for this is the lack of money and education in the villages. Due to lack of education, they give too much importance to small things and get into fights for this and then their hard-earned money ends up in the courts. Even today, untouchability and superstition are at their peak in villages.
The second reason for the bad condition of villages at present is the increasing attraction of villagers towards cities. Today’s villagers are not as hardworking as they were before. Their children today watch the naked dance of modernity through television and cinema and then, under the influence of this attraction, they also want to settle in cities.
Epilogue :
Despite all these negative facts, our real life resides in villages only. After the independence of the country, our government is trying to improve the condition of the villagers. Land is being given to landless farmers, so that they can earn their livelihood by doing farming on that land. The government is opening hospitals and schools in villages. ‘Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan’ is being run.
Gram Panchayats are also a concrete step in this direction. Due to cooperative institutions, farmers are also getting the right prices for their produce. Farmers are being taught new modern methods of farming, so that they can earn money by producing food grains according to the increasing population. We are all hopeful that with the combined efforts of the government and us, the situation in the villages will definitely improve in the near future. There the children will be educated, the villagers will also live in permanent houses and will be away from evildoers.
Essay on rural life of India
India is a country of villages, where more than seventy percent of the population lives in villages. There would be no exaggeration if it is said that the soul of India resides in the villages. There is an ancient saying that highlights the antiquity and importance of rural life, “Cities were built by man, villages were settled by God.” Undoubtedly, the complete and natural development of our civilization and culture has taken place only in rural areas. The Paas civilization is mentioned in the Rigveda, the oldest text of India; it was a rural civilization only. In this perspective, it can be said that at a time when cities or towns could not possibly have been imagined, civilization flourished in the form of small villages.
The main occupation of the entire population living in rural India is agriculture. Most of the urban needs are fulfilled by the villages only. Villages contribute significantly to the development and progress of the nation, both directly and indirectly. About 550 types of commercially important woods are obtained from Indian villages, which are used in making furniture, matchsticks, etc. Apart from this, wood and cow dung together produce 34.6 percent power of the total power resources of the country. Villages supply all types of food grains throughout the country. Some plants and herbs are found in rural areas from which various types of medicines are prepared.
Rural life, being full of fruits and flowers, purifies the environment and also provides oxygen in abundance. Various items made in the villages, such as lac, turpentine oil, sandalwood oil and various artistic items made from sandalwood, tribal paintings. The government earns foreign exchange worth about Rs 50 crore every year by exporting etc. Considering the vital importance of villages in the Indian economy, they have been given the name of ‘national treasure of the country’.
Therefore, we should make various efforts for the development of this invaluable treasure of our country, because only developed villages can become the pillars of developed India. Earlier, as soon as I looked at the word ‘village’, a glimpse of narrow streets, dark rooms and slums would come to my eyes. It seemed that village was just another name for the combination of all the evils, superstitions and traditional beliefs. But, if villages are observed in the modern era, surprising experiences are obtained. The continuous process of development has given a new definition to villages. Undoubtedly, the origin point of this development process lies in the germination of Indian agricultural development. Agriculture, the lifeblood of the Indian economy, is ready to reveal the multidimensional possibilities of development.
There has been a revolutionary change in the agriculture sector in recent years. Farmers doing farming in the traditional way are now using high quality machines, spare parts, seeds and fertilizers. Have started using. Due to the great industry of farmers, India has now become self-sufficient in food grains. The process of exploiting the immense possibilities inherent in the field of agriculture has started. Farmers have now tended to produce cash or commercial crops in place of traditional food grains.
This has increased their sources of income. Horticulture, agriculture and floriculture are being promoted. The land holdings are being delimited and the process of land reform is going on. In the modern era, the impact of progress made in technological fields has started becoming visible in agriculture also. Modernization of land records is a direct example of this. In Andhra Pradesh and Kerala, any farmer can get land related data by paying a minimal amount, which was not possible otherwise. For the progressive development of agriculture, there is a demand to give it the status of industry. If this demand is accepted then agriculture will become an inexhaustible source of abundant resources for development. Right now, the government is committed to the development of export-oriented agriculture.
Education is a minimum truth for every environment of life. In fact, by using this weapon man could transform from rural to urban. But, this should not be taken to mean that the villagers are not concerned. In fact, the Indian village is full of insightful knowledge. He has immense faith in the immense power of nature and he does not need any imported knowledge to reveal the fact that tamarind does not grow on a mango tree. Whenever India has come into trouble because of the educated elite, these illiterate people have sacrificed their supremacy and enhanced its prestige. But. As far as rural education is concerned, the government has taken many necessary steps in this direction also. Under the Education Guarantee Scheme, if there is no school in every 1 km area, then its construction and operation is the responsibility of the government.
In this direction, the efforts of the National Literacy Mission are also praiseworthy, which has done a great job of ensuring the indispensability of education by using communication media. Now a wave of education has started in the villages. Leave aside children, even elders are benefiting from adult education programmes. Recently a strong step has been taken in this direction, that is the establishment of Gramsat. Due to this, villages located in remote areas have also been introduced to new forms of education.
Not only humans but animals also build houses to protect and protect their children from adverse weather conditions, which gives them confidence to struggle with life. Construction of a house increases the creative powers of a person and through this he learns the art of improving his life. In India, the government first addressed the housing problem in rural areas in the Fourth Five Year Plan, but no meaningful effort could be made in this direction. In 1985-86, the problem of rural housing seemed to be solved with the Indira Awas Yojana.
Now, the government is determined to solve this problem quickly. In 1998 AD, the government announced its ‘National Housing Policy’. Under this policy, it was proposed to build 13 lakh houses in rural areas. Under Indira Awas Yojana itself, families who live below the poverty line can get the facility of house under another scheme. This means that if the process of housing construction continues at this pace, then the day is not far when every villager will have a roof over his head.
Man is not born with only a stomach, the Supreme Being has also given him two hands for his livelihood, but the situation becomes very awkward when these hands do not get any work. Rural people are the biggest victims of this state of mind. Many forms of unemployment are found in villages.
Efforts to solve this problem started in the eighties. The Integrated Rural Development Program was implemented on October 2, 1980, the objective of which was to lift the villagers above poverty level. After this, many meaningful efforts were made to create employment in rural areas. Apart from these, the role of cooperative movement in creating employment options is commendable. He has done commendable work towards ending unemployment prevalent in rural areas. With the basic mantra of ‘individual for the whole and the whole for the individual’, these institutions are inclined towards mutual prosperity of the villages. Through Primary Agricultural Credit Institutions-PACS, it protects the rural poor, small farmers, marginal farmers, agricultural laborers and even small artisans and handicraftsmen from the exploitation of moneylenders and moneylenders.
It also protects both producers and consumers from unfair and exploitative actions of middlemen. The Mandi system in Punjab is a vivid example of this. Due to the efforts of the cooperative movement, India has reached second place in the world in milk business. This marked the beginning of ‘Green Revolution and White Revolution’ and a progressive farming society emerged. Even now this revolution has not stopped because its manifestation is continuously taking place in the form of ‘Blue Revolution’, ‘Yellow Revolution’ and ‘Silver Revolution’. Due to its efforts, the sugar industry has become the largest agricultural producing industry after the cotton industry.
Nowadays, like before, darkness does not reign in the villages as soon as the evening falls, rather people are living a bright life taking advantage of electrification. Government schemes are being implemented to ensure regular electricity supply to the rural people of the country. Besides, alternative sources of energy like cow dung gas, bio gas, solar energy etc. are also being exploited properly. Distribution of smokeless stoves for cooking is continuing.
The area under irrigation has increased due to proper arrangement of electricity. Earlier, the villagers who were forced to entertain themselves only through radio are now able to see the miracle of communication through television.
The process of construction of roads in rural areas is being expedited. Efforts are also underway to connect them with cities. Under the new communication policies of the government, telephone has now been extended to the villages.
Due to the efforts of Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission established in 1986, 95% of the Indian rural population has been able to get access to potable water. ‘Under the National Crop Insurance Scheme, insurance facility has been provided to the crops of the farmers. This gives hope that like Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra, other farmers will also not be forced to commit suicide. Article 243-A of the Constitution states that under the law, the Gram Sabha at the village level will have the same rights and functions as the State Legislatures at the State level and the functions that these Legislatures perform.
Panchayati Raj was established by the 73rd amendment of the Constitution, but it did not have the expected effect. It would have been better if Article 243-A of the Constitution had been made mandatory and accountability for its compliance would have been ensured. Regional planning should be given importance. In 1998, the Planning Commission, while deciding agricultural policy, announced the ‘Agri-Climate Regional Planning Project’, under which the country was divided into 15 regions. This division was done on the basis of similarity of components like soil type, rainfall, temperature, water resources etc. Also, these areas were created ignoring the boundaries of the states. Apart from this, 7334 areas were determined, in which the district was considered the smallest unit.
This type of classification can be adopted for regional planning in the context of rural development and rural poverty alleviation, so that different micro level plans can be made for the regions. The idea of empowering rural people to meet their own development aspirations has been recognized for a long time. Voluntary organizations have played an important role in accelerating the process of rural development.
In Kerala, a voluntary organization called ‘Sahayee’ has started follow up programs like monitoring the meetings of the Gram Sabha and maintaining the enthusiasm among the members of the Gram Sabha.
Similarly, an organization named ‘Priya’ has actively contributed to rural development in Haryana. An important work was done by mobilizing milk producers together in Kaira district of Gujarat which was later formed by Anand Milk Union Ltd. As changed. Similarly, in the corporate sector, schemes related to rural development by involving people are being implemented by Tata Steel in Chotanagpur (Bihar), Mafatlal Group in Parbhani (Maharashtra), Lupine Laboratories in Bharatpur (Rajasthan) and Hindustan Lever in Etah (Uttar Pradesh). have been successfully implemented.
It is essential to look at the schemes run by various state governments for the welfare of women as innovations. Among these, ‘Panchdhara Yojana’ of Madhya Pradesh, ‘Apni Beti Apna Dhan’ of Haryana, ‘Kunwar Bai Mamerun’ Yojana of Gujarat and ‘Kamadhenu Yojana’ of Maharashtra are important.
The Madhya Pradesh government has made a provision to recall Panch or Sarpanches as per Section 21 (a) of its Panchayati Raj Act. In this situation either do good work or vacate the post. This can also be mentioned as innovation, which can prove effective in making Panchayats vibrant. The formation of ‘Swarna Jayanti Self-Employment Scheme’ by combining several employment schemes is also an innovation, in which emphasis has been laid on collectivity instead of single authorities.
Lastly, it is essential to mention the Central Government’s ‘Annapurna Yojana’ which seeks to provide food security to poor senior citizens who have no income of their own and no one to look after them. Under this scheme, poor rural senior citizens will be given 10 kg. There is a provision to provide free food grains. Holding whose fingers we learned to walk, we can give a touch of affection and affection to these aging palms – this should be the direction of innovation.
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Rediscovering the Essence of Rural India
In the heart of India, where the roots of tradition run deep, lies the essence of rural life. This essay explores the captivating tapestry of rural existence in India, delving into its vibrant culture, agricultural practices, communal bonds, and the challenges faced by its inhabitants. Join us on this journey, where simplicity meets richness, and tradition intertwines with modernity.
1. The Agricultural Heartland: Sowing the Seeds of Life
Rural India stands tall as the agricultural backbone of the nation. Explore the diverse crops cultivated, the ancient farming techniques, and the farmers’ unyielding spirit. Understand the pivotal role agriculture plays in shaping the rural lifestyle and sustaining the country’s economy.
2. Cultural Richness: Festivals, Folklore, and Traditions
Dive into the kaleidoscope of rural festivals and traditions that paint the Indian villages with vibrant hues. From Diwali’s luminous celebrations to the soul-stirring tunes of folk music, experience the cultural wealth that defines rural life. Learn about the captivating stories passed down through generations, weaving a rich tapestry of folklore.
3. Communal Harmony: Bonds Beyond Blood
In rural India, neighbors are not just neighbors; they are extended family. Explore the unwavering bonds of unity and support that define the rural communities. Witness how festivals are celebrated collectively, and joys and sorrows are shared alike. This sense of communal harmony is the essence of rural India’s social fabric.
4. Challenges Faced: Navigating the Modern Era
While rural life embodies simplicity, it is not untouched by the challenges of the modern world. Discover the hurdles faced by rural communities, including lack of access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Delve into the ongoing efforts to bridge the urban-rural divide and empower these communities.
5. The Beauty of Rural Handicrafts: Artistry in Simplicity
Rural India is a treasure trove of artistic brilliance. From intricate handloom work to mesmerizing pottery, witness the creativity that thrives in the simplicity of rural life. Explore how these crafts, passed down through generations, not only preserve tradition but also provide sustainable livelihoods.
6. Conclusion: Embracing Rural Life’s Timeless Wisdom
In conclusion, the rural life of India is a testament to the nation’s soul. Amidst the complexities of the modern world, rural communities preserve the values of simplicity, unity, and harmony. As we navigate the future, let us learn from the timeless wisdom of rural India, embracing its ethos in our pursuit of a balanced and harmonious existence.
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